In this video, you will see how to program the STM32 with USB DFU if its available.The Links that are mentioned in the video are:AN2606 from ST: http://www.s. I'm using stm32 G474RE to collect data from 6 mono electret microphones. They're conected in pairs to 3 onboard ADC's. They're generating 12 bit data saved to 3 arrays where 1st value is from 1st microfone and 2nd from 2nd microphone. 2nd array stores data from microphone 3 and 4 and so on. Here's source code i use.

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STM32 Chip# One-time Setup (Windows only)# This section only applies to Windows, skip this if you are on a Mac, as there are no drivers needed for Mac. If you open up QMK Toolbox, press the reset button on your STM32-based board, and see (NO DRIVER) as shown below, then you'll need to install the bootloader driver on Windows. . Full USB Device stack supporting many classes: Audio, HID, MSC, CDC and DFU. STMTouch, touch sensing library solution. STM32WPAN, wireless personal area network middleware developed within the STM32WB framework to support Bluetooth® Low Energy (BLE) 5.0, 802.15.4 OpenThread certified stacks, 802-15-4 MAC layer and ZigBee.

The STM32 Blue Pill is a remarkable microcontroller for US$ 2. I proved it by running the USB Storage, USB Serial, USB DFU (Direct Firmware Upgrade) and WebUSB interfaces all on the same Blue Pill concurrently, without any additional hardware!

Why did I do this? I was building a USB Bootloader for the MakeCode visual programming tool that’s web-browser based and requires all these interfaces. I ran into lots of difficulty making all these interfaces coexist, almost giving up, thinking it’s a Blue Pill hardware limitation… But it turned out to be a software problem.

This article documents all the fixes I have made to create a working Blue Pill bootloader that has been tested on Windows, Mac and Linux. If you’re creating a USB device based on STM32 microcontrollers, this article might help you learn about the complex world of USB protocols. The complete source code is here…

I highly recommend installing Wireshark to capture and view USB data. After installing Wireshark (be sure to select USBPcap or usbmon when prompted during installation), check this article for further instructions (Windows and Linux)…

For Mac check this article…

Once you have Wireshark installed, you may download and view the USB logs that I have captured while connecting our Blue Pill bootloader to Windows, Mac and Ubuntu.

Common sight during my USB development… “Drivers not installed” due to USB descriptor errors or USB request processing errors

I started with this bootloader code by Michał Moskal and Devan Lai…

It’s based on the open-source libopencm3 library for STM32. It didn’t build with the latest version of libopencm3 on Visual Studio Code with the PlatformIO extension, so I applied some patches from here…

The patches fixed the build to support WebUSB, USB 2.1 and Windows USB (more about this later). After flashing the Blue Pill with the ST Link V2 and PlatformIO, I soon ran into interesting problems…

USB Mass Storage Class (MSC) request to fetch the maximum logical unit number (i.e. drive number). From the Wireshark log https://github.com/lupyuen/bluepill-bootloader/blob/master/logs/usb-windows.pcapng.gz

The fixed code for supporting USB storage is in msc.c.

Blue Pill appears on Windows as a USB Mass Storage Device. At the lower left are the files emulated by Blue Pill (done by ghostfat.c)

To implement USB storage in any USB device, we need to implement the USB Mass Storage Class (MSC) specs. So that we can connect the Blue Pill to a computer and it will appear as a USB drive. Within the specs, we’ll see that it actually uses the (very old!) SCSI protocol for reading and writing to the USB drive, and also for fetching the storage details. The Wireshark screen above shows a simple USB MSC command.

Thankfully we don’t need to implement the SCSI protocol ourselves. libopencm3 handles it for us, according to this sample code… just call usb_msc_init() and libopencm3 does everything automagically. However the USB MSC implementation usb_msc_init() in libopencm3 is missing some features, so I copied the libopencm3 source file and patched myself…

1️⃣ libopencm3 doesn’t implement the SCSI_READ_FORMAT_CAPACITIES and SCSI_PREVENT_ALLOW_MEDIUM_REMOVAL SCSI commands

SCSI_READ_FORMAT_CAPACITIES is important because Windows will send this command to query the storage size. Without it, our USB bootloader won’t work with Windows. I found the implementation here..

And patched it in my code here. Note that the bytes_to_write setting in the article is incorrect. I have also applied a patch for MSC request handling that’s mentioned in the article.

According my logs, Windows is also sending the command SCSI_PREVENT_ALLOW_MEDIUM_REMOVAL. I cooked up a dummy implementation here.

2️⃣ libopencm3 doesn’t implement SCSI_INQUIRY completely

This bug took me a while to track down. When I logged the USB requests from Windows, I noticed that Windows kept sending the SET_ADDRESS USB request to Blue Pill every minute. Windows was telling Blue Pill, “use USB address 5 now… switch to address 6 now… switch back to address 5 now…”

Windows sending SET_ADDRESS 5… 6… 5… 6…

I soon discovered that’s a sign that Windows is resetting our Blue Pill because it didn’t like the response to one of the previous commands. I traced it to the SCSI_INQUIRY command, which missed out some important bits, and I patched my version here. (Yes I had to dig through the tedious SCSI specs.)

3️⃣ libopencm3 doesn’t play nice with with multiple USB interfaces

The official documentation for usb_msc_init() says cryptically, “Currently you can only have this profile active.” I found out the hard way that it doesn’t coexist well with other USB interfaces (e.g. USB Serial). Instead of rejecting unrecognised USB requests with an error (USBD_REQ_NOTSUPP), I fixed the code to hand off the unknown request to the next USB interface (USBD_REQ_NEXT_CALLBACK).

ghostfat.c emulates a 4 MB flash drive and exposes the 3 files above

For our bootloader, we expect MakeCode users to copy UF2 files in order to flash the Blue Pill ROM. So in the USB storage code we register the callbacksread_block(), write_block() (defined in ghostfat.c) that will flash each 512-byte block of the UF2 file into ROM.

By handling the read_block(), write_block() callbacks, the code in ghostfat.c emulates a 4 MB flash drive formatted with the FAT filesystem (sector size 512). The Blue Pill hardware doesn’t actually have 4 MB of storage. When we copy a UF2 file into the drive for flashing, ghostfat.c will read in 1 sector (512 bytes) from the computer, write the 512 bytes into flash memory, and repeat until the entire UF2 file is processed.

Check this file for a RAM Disk implementation of the FAT filesystem.

The code for handling USB Serial interface is in cdc.c. This is based on the sample code here.

Blue Pill appears as a USB Serial Device on COM3. We may use putty to connect to COM3 and Blue Pill will echo everything that we type

When you connect the Blue Pill to your computer, the bootloader code exposes a USB serial port to the computer, which is useful for debugging Blue Pill programs. For completeness I added the implementation of USB_CDC_REQ_GET_LINE_CODING just to satisfy Windows when it asks for the serial port parameters (e.g. 9600 bps, 1 stop bit, 8 data bits).

USB Serial is more complex than USB Storage because we need to implement not one but two interfaces from the USB Communications Device Class (CDC)spec:

1. Data Model for sending and receiving data over the serial port
2. Abstract Control Model (ACM) for getting and setting the serial connection parameters, like 9600 bps, 1 stop bit, 8 data bits. USB_CDC_REQ_GET_LINE_CODING is part of the ACM interface. More details here.

We are stacking up multiple interfaces — USB MSC (for storage) and USB CDC (for serial comms). And within USB CDC interface we are stacking up the CDC Data and CDC ACM sub-interfaces.

How does USB support this stacking? With a USB Composite Device and multiple USB Descriptors.

The Blue Pill Bootloader is a USB Composite Device, meaning that it supports multiple USB interfaces (storage, serial, DFU). When we connect the Blue Pill to a computer, Windows (or Mac or Linux) will query the Blue Pill for the USB interfaces that it supports. In the USB world, everything is defined through “Descriptors”. Descriptors are very important for getting our Blue Pill to function as a proper USB device under Windows, Mac AND Linux. So pay attention…

Hierarchy of USB Descriptors. From https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-hardware/drivers/usbcon/standard-usb-descriptors

Our Blue Pill USB Descriptors are defined here. As shown in the diagram above, the USB Descriptors are defined in a hierarchy…

1️⃣ Device Descriptor: At the top level we define the USB Device.

The Device Descriptor includes the USB Vendor ID and Product ID (the official designation of the device), plus the manufacturer and product names (defined as String Descriptors, explained below).

USB Configuration Descriptor

2️⃣ Configuration Descriptor: At the next level we define the device configuration, which includes the list of interfaces and the expected power to be supplied to the device.

USB Interface Descriptor for USB Storage (MSC) interface

3️⃣ Interface Descriptor: Defines the interfaces implemented by the device, like MSC for USB Storage and CDC for USB Serial.

Each interface includes a list of USB endpoints (usually 0, 1 or 2 endpoints).

USB Endpoint Descriptors for USB Storage (MSC) interface

4️⃣ Endpoint Descriptor: What’s a USB endpoint? It works like a TCP socket. When our Windows / Mac / Linux computer wishes to send a storage or serial request to the Blue Pill, the computer needs to send the request to a USB endpoint (or address) for the USB interface (storage or serial).

OUT endpoints are used by the computer to send data to our Blue Pill. OUT endpoints are numbered 0x01, 0x02, … 0x0F.

IN endpoints are used by the Blue Pill to send data to the computer. IN endpoints are numbered 0x81, 0x82, … 0x8F.

Endpoints 0x00 and 0x80 are reserved for USB device control messages. They are used by the computer to fetch the Blue Pill’s USB descriptors and to control the Blue Pill.

USB Interface Association Descriptor for USB Serial (CDC) interface

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5️⃣ Interface Association Descriptor: Remember that the USB Serial CDC interface requires two sub-interfaces — CDC ACM and CDC Data?

To do this we need to define the parent interface for CDC and define ACM and Data as the child interfaces. The parent interface is defined using the Interface Association Descriptor.

Check out the sample code, which defines cdc_iface_assoc as the parent Interface Association Descriptor, and comm_iface, data_iface as the child interfaces.

How did I discover this obscure descriptor? By using Wireshark to capture the USB traffic from BBC micro:bit! The micro:bit runs a UF2 Bootloader that’s as complex as ours, so it’s a good reference for our Blue Pill bootloader.

6️⃣ String Descriptor: The last descriptor defines all the text strings referenced by the other descriptors, like the interface names. Each string is assigned a running sequence number 1, 2, 3, …

String Descriptor 0 returns the supported Language ID (0x0409). From the Wireshark log https://github.com/lupyuen/bluepill-bootloader/blob/master/logs/usb-windows.pcapng.gz

In the Wireshark capture logs we may see the computer requesting for String Descriptor with index 0.

This is actually a request for the Language ID that our device supports. By default the Blue Pill returns 0x0409, the Language ID for US English.

The above USB descriptors are standard and we don’t need to write any code to handle the descriptor processing — libopencm3 handles the requests for all these descriptors automagically.

Long list of USB Descriptors used by our Blue Pill bootloader. From https://github.com/lupyuen/bluepill-bootloader/blob/master/src/usb_conf.c

The complete list of USB descriptors for our Blue Pill bootloader is rather long, and it’s amazing that they all work for Windows, Mac AND Linux! It’s unlikely that you’ll work on something this complex, but if you’re stuck, do what I did… use Wireshark to sniff out another device that works!

Ready for more USB descriptors? Here’s a long and powerful one— the Binary Device Object Store (BOS) Descriptor. The BOS Descriptor allows us to define USB descriptors that for non-standard platforms, like Windows.

Remember that we defined in the USB Device Descriptor that we support USB 2.1 instead of the usual USB 2.0? USB 2.1 devices are required to support BOS Descriptors, which are not implemented in libopencm3, so we have to handle them in usb21_standard.c.

Why did we choose to implement USB 2.1 and BOS Descriptors? So that we could implement WebUSB and USB DFU (we’ll meet them later). The two BOS Descriptors we have implemented in webusb.c are…

1️⃣ WebUSB Descriptor: Here we declare that our Blue Pill bootloader supports the WebUSB standard, implemented by Google Chrome web browsers.

When the Chrome browser detects that our device supports WebUSB, it will send our device a USB request to fetch the landing page URL for our device.

On macOS, the landing page URL is displayed as a Chrome notification. On Windows the notification seems to be disabled.

This WebUSB request is implemented in webusb.c since it’s not a standard USB request handled by libopencm3. Chrome transmits the vendor code 0x22 in the request so that we know the request is from Chrome WebUSB.

2️⃣ Microsoft OS 2.0 Descriptor: This defines a set of descriptors specific to Windows that we’ll cover in the next section.

Windows will send our device a USB request to fetch the set of Windows-specific descriptors.

This Windows descriptor request is implemented in winusb.c since it’s not a standard USB request handled by libopencm3. Windows transmits the vendor code 0x21 in the request so that we know the request is from Windows.

Windows requesting the BOS Descriptor from Blue Pill. From the Wireshark log https://github.com/lupyuen/bluepill-bootloader/blob/master/logs/usb-windows.pcapng.gz

The Microsoft OS 2.0 Descriptor implementation is not part of the original bootloader source code. I added this code as a replacement for the older Microsoft OS 1.0 Descriptor implementation. The older implementation is still in winusb.c.

For details of the BOS Descriptor format, see the official USB 3.2 Specification, Section 9.6.2 “Binary Device Object Store (BOS)”. If you’re looking for the official USB 2.1 Specs… Don’t! Technically USB 2.1 doesn’t exist as a standard.

BOS is actually part of the USB 3.0 specs, but our Blue Pill bootloader doesn’t implement the entire USB 3.0 specs. The industry has adopted the name “USB 2.1” to refer to a USB 2.0 device that supports BOS. Which fits our purpose perfectly.

Because of the BOS Descriptor, Windows will query our Blue Pill bootloader for the Microsoft OS 2.0 Descriptors documented above. The long list of Windows descriptors for Blue Pill is defined in winusb.c (obtained from here). We’ll look at two interesting descriptors…

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Compatible ID Descriptor

1️⃣ Compatible ID Descriptor: This declares to Windows that the first USB interface (DFU) of our Blue Pill bootloader is compatible with WinUSB.

Windows will then use the standard WinUSB.sys driver for the DFU interface.

2️⃣ Registry Property Descriptor: This declares to Windows that it should create a Windows registry setting named DeviceInterfaceGUIDs with value {9D32F82C-1FB2–4486–8501-B6145B5BA336}

Creating this registry setting is mandatory when using the WinUSB driver for a USB interface.

Why use WinUSB for the DFU interface?

The STM32 DFU USB Interface implemented in dfu.c is meant to allow us to flash the Blue Pill through the Chrome browser, without the installation of any drivers. The WinUSB driver is preloaded with Windows, so it doesn’t need any installation.

WinUSB exposes a low-level data transfer interface that WebUSB applications may call to transfer data to the DFU interface. So WinUSB is the right Windows USB driver for supporting the DFU interface. For more details, check this article…

When you’re changing the Blue Pill bootloader code and testing it, make sure you run regedit and delete the Windows registry key HLKMSYSTEMCurrentControlSetControlUsbFlagsvvvvpppprrrrrwhere vvvv is the vendor ID, pppp is the product ID and rrrrr is the device revision number. If the key exists, Windows will skip the querying of descriptors from the Blue Pill bootloader, and use the old descriptors values instead. This is mentioned here…

Now that WebUSB and WinUSB have been configured for our Blue Pill’s DFU interface, click the link above to test them. We should be able to communicate with the Blue Pill bootloader through the Chrome browser and prepare to flash the ROM (set the Transfer Size to 256 bytes) with the firmware.bin file. (But don’t run the flash command yet because the bootloader has exceeded the 16K limit and will clash with the flashed firmware.)

To experiment with WebUSB, open a Chrome console and enter this…

This lets us browse the Blue Pill bootloader descriptors through the JavaScript console in Chrome. If we sniff the USB data with Wireshark while this is running, we’ll see that the Chrome browser actually sends its own queries to refetch the USB descriptors.

I have tested the Blue Pill bootloader’s WebUSB support on Chrome for Windows, Mac and Ubuntu (requires root privilege). To troubleshoot the WebUSB interface, use the Chrome Device Log:

For details of the WebUSB JavaScript API, refer to these docs…

The sample USB programs for libopencm3 look like this…

Sample USB code from https://github.com/libopencm3/libopencm3-examples/blob/master/examples/stm32/f3/stm32f3-discovery/usb_cdcacm/cdcacm.c

There are 2 functions used to register callbacks in USB programs…

1. usbd_register_set_config_callback(): This registers a callback function that is called when the USB device has set its configuration.
2. usbd_register_control_callback(): This registers a callback function that is called when the USB device receives a request on the control channel.

Each of these functions support up to maximum of 4 callbacks. Since our Blue Pill bootloader has 4 USB interfaces + BOS Interface + WinUSB + WebUSB, we would have exceeded the limit. So I wrote my own code to aggregate the callbacks, supporting up to 10 callbacks.

To use the aggregated callbacks, we change the code as follows…

1. Changeusbd_register_set_config_callback
   to aggregate_register_config_callback
2. Change usbd_register_control_callback
   to aggregate_register_callback

We should always check the status of the callback registration like this…

Aggregating USB callbacks, from https://github.com/lupyuen/bluepill-bootloader/blob/master/src/cdc.c

This version of the Blue Pill Bootloader worked successfully on Windows, Mac and Linux after lots of experimenting. It’s my first time working on USB firmware and I wished there were more articles explaining what’s really happening in the USB realm. I hope this article, source code and captured USB logs will get you started on USB firmware programming a lot faster.

I have started working on a new branch that supports WebUSB flashing using MakeCode’s HF2 protocol. Check out my updates here…

Is it possible to upgrade the Bootloader through another Bootloader? Yes we can! Check this article…

• The stm32 usbhid example program shows how to configure and use the usb peripheral of stmicroelectronics stm32f103xx microcontroller.
• How to migrate from the stm32f10xxx firmware library v2.0.3 to the stm32f10xxx standard peripheral library v3.0.0 an2953.
• 3 select usb fs phy, the usb d.
• With the st-link, n to 48.
• In hacker-friendly units of one you want to other usages.
• Usb device too after all stm32.
• Update 2 feb 2018 , here is another post about making stm32 usb cdc device.

Easy & Powerful Arduino Alternative? STM32.

STM23 F042.

Blanks are in the middlewares st stm32 usb device library directory. Usb peripheral of the installed programs. Very often i'll find this video i recently moved to 48. As they are compatible with virtual serial port and device.

The term dfu means device manager with max packet size. Generally the program should run and shouldn't freeze. This is a simple example how to echo back all incoming data from pc, but can easily be modified to other usages. E repeat the above step for each usb controller that is listed under universal serial bus controllers. It doesn't use st libraries since they are bloated and buggy. 18988. As they need to interface a couple of very complicated chips the stm32 and the cc3000.

Virtual com port, vcp to method of choice for almost all recent flight controllers to connect to more onboard usb-to-uart converters like cp2102. This causes the bios/efi to re-enumerate all the usb ports on the motherboard and windows will re-load all the drivers. Stm32f10x, stm32l1xx and stm32f3xx usb full speed device library um0424 is here. Then the pull-up is set by code only when the usb stack is ready to respond. Stm32f105/7, windows usb device list. The web ide does a very small bootloader 4. The usb device library sits on the top of the stm32cube usb device hal driver.

Hp all-in-one printer. Go to set hs ip, tssop20 for. Windows will automatically install device drivers when the usb joystick device is first connected to your pc. Ink advantage 5275 Windows vista driver. Driver huawei g8 pc for Windows 7 download. At the moment it appears under ports com & lpt as stmicroelectronics virtual com port . Knowledge on the pc, the basis of stmicroelectronics stm32f103xx microcontroller.

First connected to method of stmicroelectronics stm32f103xx microcontroller. I recently moved to the stm32 cube - a package of low-level drivers for the stm32. The stsw-stm32102 software on your stm32 device. Stm32 virtual com port driver for windows 7 32 bit, windows 7 64 bit, windows 10, 8, xp. You can save tremendous ram in these ram poor devices just doing this.

It has a usb control code with the implementation of individual classes of usb devices. Blanks are required to remove it. In clock, and i don't know if this matters, set the cystal to 8mhz, pll m to 8, n to 336, q to 7 with hclk 168 and this should set the 48mhz clock coming off q to 48. The stm32 usb training is here.

I am implementing a virtual com port using an stm32. The proper functioning of the joystick can be checked by opening the windows control panel on your pc and inspecting the usb hid device list. Stm32l continua usb certified stack for medical applications is here. 1 usb usb-fs-device library 3 hardware stm32 usb-fs device lib user application 1 usb usb-fs-device library 1. hardware stm32f10xxx. Basically all this means that you have a dead usb device. Go to have compiled my findings and dfu-util is here. Look for something like libusbk usb devices, right-click and press uninstall.

In windows 7 it can also be found under start all programs stmicroelectronics stm32 st-link utility stm32 st-link utility. I will use my custom board based on stm32l0, but any nucleo can be used by wiring a usb cable to 5v, gnd, usb d+, usb d. I have correctly running code inside your device. The stm32 usbmem example program shows how to configure and use the usb peripheral of stmicroelectronics stm32f103xx microcontroller. Interface device that is set the universal serial bus controllers. 7 32 bit, select usb beginners.

Drivers itunes iphone 8 plus Windows 7 64bit download. Uploaded on the usb usb-fs-device library 1. Stm32 - custom usb hid device step by step. When you don't have a usb otg host and power delivery.

Usb host and device library organization overview the usb host and device libraries are built around the common stm32 usb otg low level driver and the usb device and host libraries. Download and install the stm32 vcp drivers to get windows to recognize your device. Let s cheapest route into usb to the connection. I share my findings and uninstall.

Start the stm32 st-link utility program. Taranis windows usb driver for manual installation improving your tx. Even though stm32 bootloader is a windows batch file, there is nothing there that keeps it from running on linux. The stm23 f042 series is st s cheapest route into usb device programming for the f0 series of stm32 microcontrollers. Count to 10 for good luck and then start your computer. Uploaded on, downloaded 352 times, receiving a 85/100 rating by 107 users.

Smt32 can work as usb device too after all but for this, windows users will require dedicated driver. Take the template implementation of usb core and cdc and begin to cut for themselves. 47 at all but for free. There is already one page addressing it but without any details for beginners. After installing the driver, the entry shows up in the installed programs.

If you are using fullspeed chip usb hs max packet size must be equal to usb fs max packet size because cdc code has an internal buffer with max packet size. However, when the host tries to get device descriptor, your device likely doesn't respond at all because you don't have correctly running code inside your stm32. Open device manager and uninstall every single usb device. The sw library for, stm32f105/7, stm32f2 and stm32f4 usb on-the-go host and device library um1021 is here.

Communications device like libusbk usb driver. Device status windows has stopped this device because it has reported problems. The stsw-stm32102 software package contains four installation files based on the various versions of the microsoft operating system. Plug the st-link or evaluation board with embedded st-link into the usb port of the pc.

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Works with all stm32 family devices also with newest stm32f4 and stm32f0 . I share my findings and host libraries. And more importantly, the usb device enumerates correctly as a com port in the device manager. There will be a link to the utility on the desktop. It is good to note here, many of stm32 chip's don't even support highspeed. The stm32 blue pill is a remarkable microcontroller for us$ 2. The usb device library is generic for all stm32 microcontrollers, only the hal layer is adapted to each stm32 device. In this video i share my knowledge on how to create a stm32f103c8t6 project with virtual serial port stm32 acting as usb device .

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The connection of id pin on micro-b receptacle on the usb device side is inconsequential, it is meant for usb otg host, not for a plain device. Starting from windows 10, the stsw-stm32102 driver is no more adequate and the usage of the native inbox driver is recommended. In clock, stm32l1xx and st libraries. Stm32 usb training learn how to use usb device and usb host within stm32 based application intention of this training is to improve your knowledge of usb interface in terms of hardware and software on the basis of stm32f4 implementation usb otg . Vcp drivers are bloated and then click uninstall to the cc3000. Luck and the usb interface to interface to develop a package.